IN-CLASS ACTIVITIES
| NO. | WEEK | DATE | PARTICULARS |
| 1 | 1st | 7.7.2010 | Introduction to BEL 492 |
| 2 | 2nd | 14.7.2010 | Introduction on how to do Preparation Outline (PO) |
| 3 | 3rd | 21.7.2010 | PO Progression |
| 4 | 4th | 28.7.2010 | Absent with M.C |
| 5 | 5th | 4.8.2010 | Central point and Parts of Speech |
| 6 | 6th | 11.8.2010 | 1st day Ramadan Holiday |
| 7 | 7th | 18.8.2010 | Preparation for the 1st Presentation |
| 8 | 8th | 25.8.2010 | Presentation 1 (Group 1) |
| 9 | 9th | 1.9.2010 | Presentation 1 (Group 2) |
| 10 | 10th | 8.9.2010 | Raya Holiday |
| 11 | 11th | 22.9.2010 | Class |
| 12 | 12th | 29.9.2010 | Presentation 2 (Group 1) |
| 13 | 13th | 6.10.2010 | Presentation 2 (Group 2) |
| 14 | 14th | 13.10.2010 | Presentation 2 |
1.0: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Title
The Role of Nuclear Technology in Malaysia
1.2 The reasons for choosing the title
1.2.1 It’s an alternative to produce electricity and it is the most efficient.
Nuclear technology has far more greater use of energy efficiencies. It also economically competitive compared to other energy.
1.2.2 To have a brief exposure towards nuclear science and technology.
Create awareness towards the importance of nuclear technology in Malaysia, hence by nurturing Malaysian’ mind could lead to harmonious acceptance.
1.2.3 Nuclear is an option of energy that we cannot avoid
Green technology and water Datuk Seri Peter Chin Fah Kui told reporters that a stakeholder consultation would take place once a site had been identified. Chin described nuclear energy as the "only viable option" for Malaysia's long term energy needs[1].
1.3 General purpose
1.3.1 To inform
1.4 Specific purpose
1.4.1 To inform the audience about the nature, relevance and benefits of nuclear technology in Malaysia
1.5 Central purpose or Main Ideas
1.5.1 Definition of Nuclear
1.5.2 Nature of Nuclear
1.5.3 Relevance of Nuclear Technology
1.5.4 Benefits of Nuclear Technology
2.0: BODY
2.1 Definition of nuclear, nuclear power :
• 2.1.1 Longman Dictionary (2006),
Nuclear is relating to or involving the nucleus of an atom, or the energy produced when the nucleus of an atom is either split or joined with the nucleus of another atom.
• 2.1.2 Word IQ.com (2010),
Nuclear Power is a nuclear reactor is a device in which nuclear chain reactions are initiated, controlled, and sustained at a steady rate (as opposed to a nuclear explosion, where the chain reaction occurs in a split second)
• 2.1.3 The Free Dictionary by Farlex (2009),
Nuclear power is a type of nuclear technology involving the controlled use of nuclear fission to release energy for work including propulsion, heat, and the generation of electricity. Nuclear energy is produced by a controlled nuclear chain reaction and creates heat—which is used to boil water, produce steam, and drive a steam turbine. The turbine can be used for mechanical work and also to generate electricity.
2.2 Nature of nuclear
2.2.1 According to K. Bhushan, G. Katyal. (2002)
A uranium nucleus, having absorbed a neutron, could split, with the release of energy, into two roughly equal parts, one of which might well be barium[2]. Frisch named the process fission.
2.2.2 According to OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (2003)
The basic technology used to harness the energy of nuclear fission is the nuclear reactor. Uranium has two main isotopes: 235U and 238U. The former 235U, is the only fissile material found in nature, i.e. it can easily fission when hit either by thermal or fast neutrons. The remainder of the fuel, typically 238U, can fission only when hit by fast neutrons of certain energies; eventually transforms into plutonium-239[3].
2.2.3 According to Doty.P, Kaysen.C and Ruina.J (1989)
Eisenhower proposes the setting up of an International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) that would devise ways so that “fissionable material would be allocated to serve the peaceful pursuits of mankind, especially the production of electric energy” [4] .
2.2.4 According to the Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (2005)
Nuclear for peace referring to the nuclear that does not make any mass destruction. In general, the application of nuclear science and technology consists of two major sectors, namely power generation and non – power applications[5] .
2.3 Relevance of nuclear technology
To show the relevance of having Nuclear Technology because of the reasons of:
2.3.1 According to Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (2005)
Economic reasons, referring to the current high price of fossil fuels, nuclear energy does look attractive and merits a second look. A study in the USA shows operating cost per kilowatt/hr (Kw/hr) currently favors’ nuclear[6]. The comparison is as follows:
Nuclear USD 0.18/kw/hr
Coal USD 0.21/kw/hr
Natural Gas USD 0.35/kw/hr
2.3.2 According to World Nuclear News (2010)
Prospects and limitations of alternative energy sources, Resources such as gas and petroleum may dry out in the next 20 to 30 years. Government policy calls for a reduced reliance on gas, and the country has been taking tentative steps towards nuclear power, with recent reports of a $7 billion budget to build a nuclear power plant by 2025[7].
2.3.3 According to Charles D. Ferguson (2007)
Growing environmental concern, to reduce the deleterious effects of climate change, the world will need to dramatically increase the use of low – and no – carbon emission energy sources as well as promotes far greater use of energy efficiencies. Because nuclear power plants do not burnt fuel, they do not release emissions like fossil – fueled power plants do; do not emit carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide or nitrogen dioxide[8].
.
2.3.4 According to Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (2005)
Supply and demand of energy, inclined population growth and the need for industrialization for creating wealth require ample supply energy and electricity. Nuclear Malaysia can also offer a safer and better way to manage solid waste with long experience in managing radioactive waste[9].
2.4 Benefits of Nuclear technology
2.4.1 According to OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (2003)
Electricity generation. In the electricity production sector, nuclear power plants’ operating cost compete favorably with coal, natural gas, hydro oil, geothermal, wind and solar energy sources[10]. Guarantee on continuous power supply, the power can be use and last up to 60 years for one nuclear reactor plant. Electricity generate from nuclear power is more economic due to low cost incur during the maintenance of it.
2.4.2 According to J. Marvin Herndon (2005)
Reduce Global warming. Nuclear power is environmental friendly as it unleashed power without combustion thus free of pollutants gas emission, particularly the green house gases. It is country's aims to become a low carbon economy[11]. Nuclear energy has certain advantages over the other energy sources: carbon – free and air – pollution free generation of electricity as well as security of supply[12].
2.4.3 According to Conference of Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (2005)
Utilized in various economic sectors (non – power applications) in Malaysia such as food and agriculture, water resources, medicine, industry and archaeology.
3.0: CONCLUSION
In conclusion, nuclear technology could improve socio – economy of the country. Nuclear energy is economically competitive, safe and that there are acceptable solutions for its waste. Hence, nuclear technology is the most efficient power to generate electricity and to be utilizing in non – power applications, environmentally friendly and human errors or dangers can be avoided if it is supervised strictly and efficiently.
References
• Angelo Jr. Nuclear Technology. London: Greenwood Press, 2004
• Au Yeong How. Nuclear Malaysia serving the nation. The Star online. 23 July 2009.
• Charles D.Ferguson. Nuclear Energy, Balancing benefits and risks. April 2007.
http://books.google.com.my/books?id=ESVVYtZ98-IC&printsec=frontcover&dq=nuclear%20energy&source=gbs_slider_thumb#v=onepage&q&f=false
• Charles P. Cozic. Nuclear Proliferation, Opposing viewpoints. : Greenhaven Press, Inc, 1992
• Christy Campbell. Nuclear Facts – A guide to Nuclear Weapon Systems and Strategy. Italy: Hamlyn Publishing Group Ltd, 1984.
• D.F Kirrvan. Energy Resources in Science Education. Great Britain: Pergamon Press, 1987
• Doty.P, Kaysen.C and Ruina.J. The nuclear Age Reader. US: Alfred A.KNOPF.INC, 1989
• Douglas C. Giancoli. The Ideas of Physics. 2nd Edition. United States: Harcourt Brace Javanovich Inc, 1974
• K. Bhushan, G. Katyal. Nuclear Biological and Chemical Warfare. New Delhi : A.P.H Publishing Corporation, 2002.
• OECD. Nuclear Energy today. OECD 2003. http://books.google.com.my/books?id=IBCJNmvWWMQC&printsec=frontcover&dq=nuclear+energy+for+electricity&hl=en&ei=fLRqTM-UDIigvQOGyeGvAQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false
· World Nuclear News. Site search is on for Malaysian nuclear plants. 04 May 2010. http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/NP-Site_search_is_on_for_Malaysian_nuclear_plants-0405107.html
Appendices
Blogspot
[2]German chemists Lise Meitner and her nephew Otto Frisch solved the puzzle of uranium bombarded in 1939.
[4]President Eisenhower made his Atoms for Peace proposal to the United Nations General Assembly in December 1953.
[5]Excerpt from article on Nuclear science and technology in Malaysia during Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia Workshop in 2005.
[6]Excerpt from article on Nuclear science and technology in Malaysia during Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia Workshop in 2005.
[9] Dr Muhd Noor, Deputy Director General (Technical) said in the news article of “Nuclear Malaysia serving the nation”, July 2009.
[11] Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak seek out the views of Malaysian citizens through facebook social networking.
